Comparative study of antioxidant and anticancer activities and HPTLC quantification of rutin in white radish (<i>Raphanus sativus</i> L.) leaves and root extracts grown in Saudi Arabia

Abstract The nutrient contents of Raphanus sativus L. (white radish) leaves (RSLs) and roots are known to have promising vital effects. We comparatively investigated the R. grown in Saudi Arabia estimate total phenol flavonoid using standard colorimetric methods. antioxidant activity RSLs (RSRs) were measured by 2,2?-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assays. Both extracts’ cytotoxic was assessed MTT assay against several human cancer cell lines (A549, HepG2, MDA-MB-231, MCF-7). High-performance thin-layer chromatography used identify quantify biomarker compound rutin both extracts. phenolic content (125.3 mg gallic equivalent [GAE]/g) higher than that (95.8 GAE/g), whereas (44.5 quercetin [QE]/g) almost double compared RSR extract (24.4 QE/g). Similarly, exhibited a antioxidative RSRs DPPH (IC 50 216.8 vs 359.7 µg/mL) ABTS 326.7 549 models. also demonstrated highest antiproliferative efficiency all lines, with IC values 217–453 µg/mL. reversed-phase-high-performance results showed presence (5.2 µg/mg) only RSLs. Our study indicates as source bioactive compounds roots.